Which hormone levels are assessed to evaluate thyroid function?

Thyroid function is primarily evaluated by measuring specific hormones that regulate and reflect the activity of the thyroid gland. The key hormones assessed include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4).

TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4. Monitoring TSH levels provides crucial insight into thyroid function, as elevated TSH levels often indicate an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), while suppressed levels suggest an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).

T3 and T4 are the two primary hormones produced by the thyroid gland. T3 is the more active form and has a greater physiological effect, while T4 serves as a prohormone that is converted into T3 in the body. Measuring both T3 and T4 levels helps assess the overall function and health of the thyroid gland.

The other answer options include hormones that assess different endocrine glands or processes unrelated to thyroid function. Cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone are primarily related to adrenal function and reproductive health, insulin and glucagon pertain to pancreatic function in glucose metabolism, while progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone focus on reproductive hormones. Therefore