Which laboratory test is most commonly used to diagnose acute pancreatitis?

The most commonly used laboratory test to diagnose acute pancreatitis is serum lipase and amylase. These enzymes are produced by the pancreas, and their elevated levels in the blood indicate pancreatic inflammation. In cases of acute pancreatitis, serum lipase levels are often significantly higher than normal, and while amylase can also be elevated, it can be influenced by other conditions as well.

Serum lipase is particularly valued for its specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing pancreatitis, as it can remain elevated longer than amylase and is less likely to be affected by other abdominal conditions. Therefore, the detection of increased levels of these enzymes assists healthcare providers in confirming the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis efficiently.

In contrast, other tests like a complete blood count, serum electrolytes, and liver function tests may provide supportive information about the patient's overall clinical status, but they are not primarily used for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis on their own. Hence, the combination of elevated serum lipase and amylase remains the cornerstone for diagnosing this condition.